Eosinophil levels which are one type of white blood cells can be an indicator of the presence or absence of health problems in a person's body.
Eosinophils are a type of white blood cell in addition to four other types, which have important functions for the immune system. The five types of white blood cells are produced by the bone marrow, namely eosinophils, neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and basophils. Each type of blood cell will be affected in different ways each time a person experiences certain diseases or health problems.
Eosinophils work to protect the body in two main ways:
- Eradicate parasites, viruses, and bacteria, and create an inflammatory response that helps control the immune response, especially against allergies.
- Important role in inflammation associated with asthma and allergies. Allergy itself is a response to the immune system that involves chronic inflammation. However, sometimes inflammation can occur excessively, causing tissue damage.
Whether or not the level of white blood cells is normal, including eosinophils, is an indicator of the presence or absence of a disease being infected by someone. Generally, the eosinophil level is found when the doctor applies a complete blood test to the patient.
The normal level of eosinophils in the body is 350 eosinophils per blood microfilter. Or 0.0% -0.6% on type count (differential count), but this normal range varies between laboratories. The condition when eosinophils are higher than normal is called eosinophilia, which indicates an allergic reaction, cancer, or parasitic infection. Adults are said to have eosinophilia when the eosinophil level is more than 500 per microliter of blood.
Handling can then be given after health problems experienced by the patient are detected. If the results of the examination show that a person has more than 350 eosinophil cells, then this condition can refer to several causes including:
- Eczema.
- Asthma.
- Allergy.
- Scarlett Fever.
- Lupus
- Leukemia.
- Ulcerative colitis.
- Crohn's disease.
- Gallbladder inflammation.
- Hipereosinfilia syndrome.
- Lymphatic filariasis.
- Ovarian cancer, lung cancer or gastric cancer.
- Worm infection or Trichinosis.
- Diseases affecting connective tissue: Chrug's syndrome, eosinophilic fasciitis, polyarteritis nodosa.
- Rheumatoid arthritis.
- Eosinophilia myalgia syndrome.
- Cholesterol embolism.
In addition to the above conditions, an excess number of eosinophils can also occur in eosinophilia esophagitis, which is an inflammatory reaction in the esophagus that causes nausea, difficulty swallowing, and abdominal pain. This condition can occur in children and adults. Men aged 30-50 years are said to be affected more often.
The cause of excessive eosinophil levels is basically based on concomitant diseases or underlying conditions. Extreme eosinophil levels, such as hypereosinophilia syndrome, can be a dangerous condition if not handled properly. This condition occurs when a person has more than 1500 eosinophils per microliter of blood, with certain organ damage due to eosinophil cell activity. Until now the cause is not known with certainty, but it is suspected because there are genetic mutations in cells in the bone marrow making white blood cells. The age group of 20-50 years is said to be more often stricken with this condition, although it is rare, but children can also be affected.
The use of certain drugs such as appetite suppressants (amphetamine) and some laxatives that contain psyllium or even antibiotics can also increase eosinophil levels.
High levels of eosinophils in the blood can only be detected through blood tests. Usually the doctor will recommend a blood test as part of a health check and to make a diagnosis. Especially for those of you who have symptoms that lead to certain conditions, with one of the indications is abnormalities in eosinophil levels in the body. To avoid the risk of complications, doctors can provide drugs such as corticosteroids and periodic examinations for patients with hypereosinophilic syndrome.
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